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How is the Periodic
Table Set up?? 
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The periodic table was originally put together by Dmitri Mendeleev.
The
chart was set up by having the elements organized
according to
physical and chemical properties
and by increasing atomic number.
He arranged the elements into 7 Periods
AKA
Rows
and 18 Groups AKA Columns.
Elements with similiar properties are placed in the same columns.
These groups are called Families
| Dmitri Mendeleev's first orignal periodic table |
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Families of the Periodic Table
Alkali metals are located in the first column under
hydrogen. (from lithium down to francium)
Alkaline earth metals are located in the second
column, from beryllium down to radium.
The transition metals consist of everything from
zinc and below. (groups 3-12)
Chalogens: From Oxygen down to polonium. "The name
means chalk-makers."
Halogens: Fluorine down to astatine. "The name
means salt-makers."
The noble gases start from Helium down to Radon.
(Group 18)
The rare earth metals are the two rows below the
main table. |
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On the periodic table, there is a bold zig-zag line, also known as the
staircase. This lines separates elements that are metals from non-metals. This line is located towards the right of the periodic
table (just left of Boron- #5). Elements touching the staircase have the same properties of being a metal
or a non-metal. These metals are called metalloids. (Groups 13-17)
The colors of the periodic table represent the properties of each element.
They are there to indicate whether an element is a solid, liquid or gas.
For eaxmple: Liquids are written in Blue. Gases are the elements written
in red, and usually elements written in black are solids.
Valence electrons are located in the valence shell. A valence shell is the outermost shell
of electrons. Shells are all of the orbitals in an atom Number of valence electrons determines how an element reacts during
chemical reactions.Each shell, can hold up to a specific number of electrons.
~Joke of the Page~
* " What happens when electrons lose
their energy?" *
* "They Get Bohr'ed"
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